Atomizing nozzles



March 13, 1956 s, sv c 2,738,229

ATOMIZING NOZZLES Filed Nov. 8, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

March 13, 1956 5 V K 2,738,229

ATOMIZING NOZZLES Filed Nov. 8, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 3

. 4 Z VEN TOR.

United States Patent ATOMIZING N OZZLES Steven Svrchek, Pemberwick, Conn. Application November 8, 1954, Serial No. 467,499

3 Claims. (Cl. 299-120) My invention relates to atomizing nozzles and has for one of its objects to provide a nozzle of such constmction that better atomization, a more evenly distributed spray, and a more positive control of rate of flow are obtained than in nozzles of prior construction.

Another object of my invention is to provide an atomizing nozzle of such construction that the cost of manufacture is materially reduced as compared with prior nozzles.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an atomizing nozzle which embodies the minimum number of parts and is otherwise so constructed and arranged that various problems encountered in previous constructions, such as alignment of parts, thread accuracy, etc., have been materially reduced.

Other and further objects of my invention will appear as this description proceeds. t

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevational view of an embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of adisc which constitutes one of the elements of the nozzle;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l of another embodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 4 is'a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale of the discharge end of the nozzle of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first of all to the structure illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2: v

2 designates the body member of myimproved nozzle, this member being generally cylindrical in form, its discharge end 4 being provided centrally with a discharge or clearance orifice 6, while the other end of the body member is exteriorly threaded, as illustrated at 8, for ready attachment of the nozzle to an oil line or other line caryin; a liquid which is to be atomized.

Disposed within the body member 2 and abutting the inner face of the end 4 of the body member is a disc 10. For clarity of description, the face 12 of this disc which abuts the inside of the end of the body member will be termed the inner face of the disc, while the other face 14 will be termed the outer face of the disc. As will be readily seen from the drawings, the inner face of the disc is provided with an ejection orific 16, .while the outer face of the disc is provided with a swirl chamber 18. These two elements are are in the axis ofthe disc and are in constant communication with each other by way of bore or channel 20, which too is in the disc axis.

Formed in the outer face of the disc are tangential slots or channels 22. I have shown a pair of these slots, but the number may be varied, if desired.

The bore of the cylindrical body member 2 is reduced in diameter, as shown at 24, thereby to provide a depression or seat within the body member for the reception of the disc 10. It should be noted that this depression in the body member is substantially shallower than the thickness of the disc, so that the slots 22 are always exposed so far as the side walls of the depression are concerned.

Threaded into that end of the body member 2 which is remote from the disc 10 is a plug 26. This plug has a twofold function, as will appear presently. The inner portion of this plug is considerably smaller in diameter than that portion 28 of the bore of the body member. The inner end of the plug is flat and of about the same diameter as the diameter of the disc 10. As a consequence of this construction, the plug 26, when screwed in place, will seat upon the entire flat surface of the outer face of the disc so as to clamp the same between the plug and the end of the body member and so that all liquid flowing to the swirl chamber is confined to the slots 22. The plug 26 is provided with longitudinal and lateral channels 30 for the fluid to be atomized, which, it is understood, is fed into the end of the plug under pressure.

As above noted, that portion 28 of the body bore is considerably larger in diameter than the plug 26 at that area so as to provide an annular chamber 32 about the plug, the lateral feed channels 30 and the outer ends of the tangential slots 22 being in constant communication with this chamber.

Frictionally held upon the plug 26 is a tubular screen 34, which overlaps the lateral feed channels 30, so that all liquid passing through the nozzle is first screened before it enters the annular chamber 32.

In operation, liquid to be atomized is fed under pressure into the plug 26, dicharging through the screen 34 into the annular chamber 32. From this chamber the liquid is forced through the tangential slots 22 into the swirl chamber 18, where it is caused to spin or whirl and is continuously discharged from the swirl chamber by way of bore 20 through the ejection orific 16 of the disc 10 and from thence by way of the discharge orifice 6 to the nozzle exterior.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in this art that, by reason of the fact that the tangential slots 22, swirl chamber 18, and ejection orifice 16 are all embodied in the disc 10 and are all fixed relatively to each other, all problems as to proper alignment of these several elements are eliminated. It will be appreciated furthermore that nothing more than ordinary care need be taken in threading the bore of the body member and the exterior of the plug 26 in that any slight misalignment of the plug with the disc 10 will have no deleterious effect whatsoever upon the operation of the nozzle.

It will be appreciated still further that, because of the fact that the slots 22, swirl chamber 18, and ejection orifice 16 are all formed in the one disc and have no movement relative to each other, I am assured of continuous, unchanging operation of the nozzle, there being nothing. to get out of alignment during operation of the nozzle.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs.

3 and 4 I have illustrated a nozzle which, in addition to being a duplicate of the embodiment above described, contains a metering device whereby the capacity of the nozzle can be varied, when desired, and without varying the spray angle of the nozzle.

Referring to this embodiment of my invention, 40 desig-- The nates the cylindrical body member of the nozzle. end of this body member is provided with discharge orifice 42. The bore of the body member is reduced in diameter, as seen at 44, to provide a seat or depression for the reception of disc 46, which is of the same construction as the disc 10 of Fig. l, the tangential slots 48 corresponding to the slots 22, the swirl chamber 50 and ejection orifice 52 corresponding to the chamber 18 and ejection orifice 16 of Fig. l. 54 designates a plug threaded into the body member, the fiat end of this plug Patented Mar. 13, 1956 3 bearing against the disc 46, asv explained in connection with the plug 26 of Fig. 1.

When liquid to be atomized is fed under pressure to the plug 54, it will pass through the plug by way' of channels 56 to the annular chamber 58 and by way of tangential slots 48 to the swirl chamber 50, the liquid being confined to the slots by reason of the flat endof the plug bearing against the disc 46. The liquid' is discharged from the swirl chamber through ejection orifice 52 and from thence to the atmosphere through discharge or clearance orifice 42'.

Inorder that the capacity of this nozzle may readily be varied and without altering the spray angle of the nozzle, the plug 54 is provided with an axial bore, into which isthreaded a metering plug 60. This metering plug is spring-loaded by spring 62, to prevent accidental turning of the plug. Inasmuch as the metering plug is in the axis of the plug 54, it is in alignment with the swirl chamber 50, so that, by screwing it inwardly, it will restrict the flow of fluid through the tangential slots 48 to reduce the capacity of the nozzle and at the same time will reduce the area of the swirl chamber; so that I obtain a reduction in the capacity of the nozzle without altering the spray angle of the nozzle. It will be noted that my improved construction enablescapacity adjustmentto be made without the necessity of disassembling the nozzle.

It is to be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts within the purview of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A- nozzle for atomizing pressure fluids, said nozzlecomprising a cylindrical body member having a discharge orifice; a disc within said body member in superimposed relation to said discharge orifice, said disc having a flat inner face provided with an ejection orifice and having a flat outer face provided with a swirl chamber, said ejection orifice and said swirl chamber being in the axis of the disc and in communication with each other and with said discharge orifice, the flatouter face of said disc being provided with slots extending from.

the disc periphery to the periphery of said swirl chamber tangentially to the chamber; a plug in the axis of said body member and threaded into the body member from the end opposite said discharge orifice, the inner end of said plug being flat and seating on the fiat slotted face of said disc, thereby to confine fluids, passing tov the swirl chamber, to said slots and to clamp the disc to the end of the body member, the bore of said cylindrical body member about the inner end of said plug and about the disc being greater in diameter than the outside diameter of the disc and of the plug in this area to provide an annular chamber surrounding the plug and dlsc; and a fluid channel in the plug leading from the plug exterior to said annular chamber whereby fluid to be atomized, when supplied to said channel under pressure, will enter said annular chamber and pass through said tangential slots to the swirl chamber, from which it will be discharged through the said ejection orifice to the nozzle exeterior in an atomized condition.

2. nozzle for atomizing pressure fluids, said nozzle comprisinga cylindrical body member having a discharge orifice; a disc within said body member in superimposed relation to said discharge orifice, said disc having a flat inner face provided with an ejection orifice and having 6 a flat outer face provided with a swirl chamber, said ejection orifice, and said swirl chamber being in the axis of the disc and in communication with each other and with said discharge orifice, the flat outer face of said disc being provided with slots extending from the disc periphery to the periphery of said swirl chamber tangentially to the chamber; a plug threaded into the body member from the end opposite said discharge orifice, the inner end of said plug being flat and seating on the flat slotted face of said disc for the width of said disc to confine all fluid, passing to the swirl chamber, to said slots, the bore of said cylindrical body member about the inner endof said plug and about the disc being greater in diameter than the outside diameter of the disc and of the plug in this area to provide an annular chamber about the plug and disc; a fluid channel in the plug leading from the plug exterior to said annular chamber whereby fluid to be atomized, when supplied to said channel under pressure, will enter said annular chamber and pass through said tangential slots to the swirl chamber; and a tubular screen in said annular chambercarried bysaid plug and so disposed relatively to said plug that allfluid passing from the plug to said annular chamber must first pass through the screen.

3. A nozzlefor atomizing pressure fluids, said nozzle comprising a; cylindical body member having a discharge orifice; a disc within said body member in superimposed relation to saiddischarge orifice, said disc having a flat inner face provided with an ejection orifice andlhaving a flat outer face provided with a swirl chamber, said ejection orifice and said swirl chamber being in the axis of the disc and in communication with each other and with said discharge orifice, the flat outer face of said disc being provided with slots extending from the disc periphery to the periphery of said swirl chamber tangentially to the chamber; a plug threaded into the body member from the end opposite said discharge orifice, the inner end of said plug being flat and seating on the flat' slotted face of said disc for the width. of said disc to confine all fluid,-passing to the swirl chamher, to said slots, the. bore of said cylindrical body member about the inner end of said plug and about the disc being greater in diameter than the outside diameter of the disc and of the plug in this area to provide an annular chamber about the plug and disc; a fluid channel in the plug leading from the plug exterior to said annular chamber whereby fluid to be atomized, when supplied to said channel underpressure, will enter said annular chamber and pass through said tangential slots to the swirl chamber; and an adjustable metering member in the inner end of the plug aligned with said swirl chamber and capable of being projected beyond said inner end of the plug into the swirl chamber, to vary the capacity of said slots and, hence, the capacity of the nozzle without varying the spray angle of the nozzle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,901,415 Schneider Mar. 14, 1933 2,044,695 Huss June 16, 1936 2,577,901 Marlow Dec. 11, 1951 2,602,006 Fahrbach July 1, 1952 2,668,084 Saxton Feb. 2, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 344,897 Great Britain Mar. 13', 1931 612,542. Great Britain Nov. 15, 1948' 

